The Ministry of Environment and Forestry required native governments to demarcate and defend customary forests. In 2017, the Ombudsman received 450 stories of land-related conflicts, with 163 conflicts implicating oil palm plantations. According to the Ombudsman Republik Indonesia , an impartial government body that investigates complaints towards maladministration, oil palm plantations contributed to the best number of conflicts throughout all sectors in 2016 and 2017. In 2016, the commission projected that land disputes between communities and firms, including those over Indigenous peoples’ customary forests, would increase.
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